From sharks hanging out in hot acidic water, to new species hiding in unexplored craters, here are 11 amazing animals found living in volcanoes!
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11. Sharks and Rays
While you might not find sharks in a tornado, sharks living inside a volcano, are very very real!! A group of scientists went on an expedition to visit one of the Southwest Pacific's most active underwater volcanoes. The waters around the volcano are too hot and acidic for human divers, even when there there is not ash, lava, and steam spewing from the crater!
10. Alaskan Fur Seals
The northern fur seal population has been popping up in a very unlikely location. Right on top of a tiny island that forms the tip of an active undersea volcano. Fur seals have been endangered for quite some time, but by managing to survive on Bogoslof Island their numbers have started to grow!
9. Giant Wooly Rat
While filming a documentary for the BBC in Papua New Guinea, a group of biologists and local trackers discovered a new species! The wooly rat, a very large, fluffy rat. The film-making expedition was studying the rainforest around the extinct volcano named Mount Bosavi. The crater is 2.5 miles wide and surrounded with walls one-half a mile high. The extinct volcano didn't necessarily look like there would be much going on in the crater.
8. Fanged Fish
When a group of researchers set out to investigate an eddy or whirlpool off the coast of Sydney, they discovered a number of tiny critters living in undersea volcanoes off the coast of the continent. The scaleless blackfish with its translucent fangs looks pretty slimy and ugly. But it turns out that in these warm acidic waters near underwater volcanoes, the fish are doing pretty well!
7. Galapagos Snakes
There are 21 volcanoes on the Galapagos Islands and of these, 13 are active. This unique place has many species found nowhere else on earth. There are a large variety of tortoises, iguanas, lizards and geckos, birds, seals, and sea lions just to name a few!
6. Polychaete Worm
Volcanoes aren’t exempt from creepy crawlies! 3,900 feet down on a muddy seafloor, scientists spotted a strange glowing creature. Known as a polychaete worm, the creature is actually a ferocious predator with jaws like something out of a horror movie.
5. Loihi Shrimp
At an active underwater volcano near Guam, an increase in the number of shrimp, crab and barnacles caught the interest of scientists. Water around the volcano is harsh, with a number of chemicals that are toxic to normal marine life but somehow, life there Is thriving. The hydrothermal vents from the volcano coat the rocks with a food source for nearby creatures, which is what sent researchers out to determine if there is a direct connection between the growing volcanic activity and the increased underwater life.
4. Deep Sea Coral
Studying underwater volcanoes can be a dangerous and time-consuming process. But researchers have found a new way to do so - by studying corals. As they grow, the skeletons of black corals preserve a record of noble gases in seawater, which provides information on nearby volcanic activity.
3. Invertebrates
They key to surviving around underwater volcanoes? Hydrothermal bacteria. When a fissure opens up in the bottom of the ocean, three things are released into the water - hot water, minerals and bacteria.
2. Mt. St. Helens
In 1980, Mount Saint Helens in the state of Washington, USA erupted and made a devastating impact on the land surrounding it. Over 200 mi.² (517 sq km) of forest, streams and lakes became covered in grey ash, mud flow and avalanche debris.
1. Megapode Birds
In Papua New Guinea, there’s a species of bird that actually needs the specialized environment around a volcano to breed. Known as megapodes, or incubator birds, they are similar to chickens, with a small head and large feet, and their name comes from the Greek meaning ‘large foot'. In the caldera of Mount Bosavi, the Megapodius burrow into the hot ashes to bury their eggs.
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